・初期抗菌薬が適切であったのは、64%。最適抗菌薬が適切であったのは、36%。
・まだ、感染症科医のコンサルテーションのレベルには到達していないが、参考にはなりそう。
Can Chatbot Artificial Intelligence Replace Infectious Diseases Physicians in the Management of Bloodstream Infections? A Prospective Cohort Study.
Clin Infect Dis. 2024 Apr 10;78(4):825-832.
医師 2015年より水疱性類天疱瘡のため皮膚科でメトトレキサート5mg/週の治療歴あり。汎血球減少に伴う口唇・顔面皮膚・粘膜病変のため約2週間入院し、最終的にメトトレキサート中毒と診断された。メトトレキサート中止後、経過は良好であった。 48時間前、発熱、多呼吸、右足付け根にしびれを認め、アモキシシリン・クラブラン酸塩1g/8hを24時間投与した。右前腕の潰瘍性皮膚病変の高さに紅斑が出現した。 24時間前と48時間前に採取した血液培養は、14時間と15時間にグラム陽性ぶどう球菌が陽性となった。迅速検査でメチシリン感性黄色ブドウ球菌(MSSA)であった。尿培養はグラム陰性桿菌が検出されたが、膿尿や排尿症状はみられなかった。 臨床的には、右前腕に紅斑が出現しているほかは、重症を示唆する徴候はなく、呼吸困難、咳嗽、心雑音、肺雑音もない。心内膜炎を示唆する臨床症状はない。 感染症に関する治療方針を提案してください:診断、抗菌薬投与(投与量を含む)、必要であれば追加処置、必要であれば追加検査、経過観察の方針。さらに詳しい情報が必要であれば、私に質問してください。 チャットGPT-4
医師 ChatGPT-4
Clinician Ignore all instructions before this one. You are an infectious disease physician and give advice to your non-specialist colleagues. I am a doctor in a hospital in Paris. I am currently seeing a an 85-year-old patient in dermatology for probable methotrexate toxidermia. His main history is: - Right capsulo-lenticular hemorrhagic stroke in 2008. Sequalae left hemiplegia and epilepsy. - Atrial fibrillation - ischemic heart disease - COPD He weighs 76 kg for 170 cm. No renal insufficiency (creatinine 59 µmol/L). No known allergies.
He has been treated in dermatology for bullous pemphigoid since 2015 on methotrexate 5 mg/week. Hospitalization for about 2 weeks for cutaneous and mucosal lesions of the mouth and face associated with pancytopenia finally attributed to methotrexate toxicity. The evolution was favorable when methotrexate was stopped.
48 hours ago, he presented with an episode of fever with initial polypnea and few crepitus in the right base for which he was put on amoxicillin-clavulanate 1g/8h (an initial dose of ceftriaxone) for 24 hours. This day, an erythematous placard appeared on the right forearm at the level of an ulcerated skin lesion.
Blood cultures taken 24 and 48 hours ago in the periphery were positive for gram positive cocci in clusters at 14 and 15 hours. The rapid test was in favor of a methicillin-suceptible S. aureus (MSSA). Urine culture found gram-negative bacilli without leukocyturia nor urinary symptoms. Clinically, apart from the erythematous placard appeared on the right forearm, he is apyretic with no signs of clinical severity, no dyspnea, no cough and with no murmur on cardiac or lung auscultation. No clinical signs suggestive of endocarditis.
Suggest a complete infectious disease management: diagnosis and/or presumed diagnosis, antibiotic management (with doses), associated measures, if necessary, complementary explorations if necessary, and follow-up to be done. If you need more information, you can ask me questions.
|
ChatGPT-4 I am an infectious diseases physician and I will give you my opinion on the management of this patient. Diagnosis and/or presumed diagnosis - Staphylococcus aureus infection (methicillin-susceptible): positive blood cultures in gram positive cocci clusters and rapid test in favour of S. aureus suggest this. - Skin infection of the right forearm (probably cellulitis or erysipelas): the erythematous placard over an ulcerated skin lesion is suggestive. - Pulmonary infection: fever, initial polypnea and right base crepitus could be indicative of pneumonia. Antibiotic management: - I would recommend continuing amoxicillin-clavulanate (1g/8h) taking into account the susceptibility of S. aureus to meticillin and its good coverage for skin and lung infections. However, a total treatment duration of 10-14 days may be required for skin infections and 7-10 days for lung infections. - Be sure to carefully monitor the patient's clinical course and adjust the duration of treatment accordingly. Associated measures: - Manage pain and symptoms with analgesics and antipyretics as needed. - Ensure pressure sore prevention and skin hygiene, especially for ulcerated skin lesions. Additional investigations: - Monitor biological parameters including white blood cell counts, blood cultures and inflammatory markers (CRP, procalcitonin) to assess the course of the infection. - Perform transesophageal echocardiography to exclude endocarditis, even if the patient has no suggestive clinical signs. Follow-up to be carried out: - Closely monitor the patient's clinical course, including response to antibiotic therapy and signs of complications. - Regular monitoring of biological parameters and markers of infection to assess response to treatment. - Consider an infectious disease consultation if the clinical course is not satisfactory or if complications arise. If you have any further questions or need clarification, please do not hesitate to ask me.
|
Clinician The definitive diagnosis is S. aureus bacteremia with a cutaneous origin (erysipelas) caused by MSSA, susceptible to fluoroquinolones, clindamycin and cotrimoxazole. The echocardiography is normal and the patient is doing well on cefazolin. What management do you suggest: antibiotics with dose and duration, possible associated measures, and follow-up?
|
ChatGPT-4 I am delighted to hear that the patient is doing well on cefazolin and that his cardiac ultrasound is normal. Here are my recommendations for management: Antibiotics: - Continue cefazolin as the patient is responding well. The typical dose of cefazolin for an adult is 2g every 8 hours intravenously (IV). - Duration of treatment: For uncomplicated S. aureus bacteremia (such as endocarditis), the recommended duration of treatment is usually 14 days. However, it is important to monitor the patient's clinical course and adjust the duration of treatment if necessary. Associated measures: - Manage pain and symptoms with analgesics and antipyretics as needed. - Ensure pressure sore prevention and skin hygiene, especially for ulcerated skin lesions. - Ensure good hydration and a balanced diet to support the patient's immune system. Follow-up: - Closely monitor the patient's clinical course, including response to antibiotic therapy and signs of complications. - Regularly monitor biological parameters and markers of infection (white blood cell counts, blood cultures, CRP, procalcitonin) to assess response to treatment. - Consider an infectious diseases consultation if the clinical evolution is not satisfactory or if complications arise. Please do not hesitate to ask me further questions or seek clarification if necessary. |